A Guide to
The Law School
Application Process
Political Science Department
Updated January, 2016
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ADMISSIONS CRITERIA FOR LAW SCHOOL
The two most important factors in gaining admission to law school are a student's score on the
Law School Admissions Test (LSAT) and a student's grade point average. However, law schools are also
interested in a student’s work experience---in fact many law schools greatly value post-college work
experience---and extra-curricular activities. Most law schools also require letters of recommendation,
preferably from someone familiar with the student’s academic abilities, that is, from a professor. If a
student has been out of school for some time, law schools will also accept letters from employers or
others capable of making an assessment of the individual’s intellectual fitness and capacity to undertake
the study of law. Finally, most law school applications require a “personal statement.”
Law School Admissions Test (LSAT)
The Law School Admission Test is administered four times a year (in June, October, December,
and February). The most appropriate time to take the test is in June or October prior to one’s senior year.
Students taking the test in June or October will receive their scores in plenty of time to make decisions
about the schools to which they wish to apply.
Many students do not take the LSAT until December of their senior year. This is a serious
mistake. Most law schools operate what is known as a “rolling admissions” policy, that is, they
gradually fill up the seats in their incoming class as they receive applications. A student who takes the
LSAT in December will not be able to mail his or her law school applications until January, by which
time many schools will have filled a percentage of the seats in their incoming class. All other things
being equal, your chances of admission by this point in the admissions cycle will be substantially lower
than if your application had been mailed in November or December.
In fact, it has become increasingly common for law schools to make admissions decisions in
September and October with respect to applicants who have taken the LSAT in June. The June test is
administered on a Monday (rather than a Saturday) and usually coincides with the end of the quarter. It is
thus not the most convenient time for DePaul students to take the test. At the same time, taking the test in
June will provide students with an added advantage in the application process.
The law school admissions process is administered by the Law School Admission Council
(LSAC). The two most important components of LSAC are the Credential Assembly Service (CAS) and
the Law School Admission Test (LSAT). Everyone who applies to law school must (1) register with the
LSAC Credential Assembly Service and (2) take the LSAT.
When you register with the Credential Assembly Service, a file is created in your name. The file
will eventually contain (1) your LSAT score, (2) copies of transcripts from all institutions you have
attended, and (3) letters of recommendation written on your behalf. When you apply to a particular law
school, the school will request the contents of your file from LSAC.
The first step in applying to law school is to visit the LSAC website (at www.LSAC.org
). The
website describes the law school application process in detail. It also includes a sample LSAT,
information about ordering various publications (including past tests, which can be used for practice), and
an online copy of the ABA-LSAC Official Guide, which contains four pages of statistical and descriptive
information about all ABA-approved law schools.
The current cost of registering for the LSAT is $175 and of registering with the LSAC’s
Credential Assembly Service is $170. A fee waiver is available, but you must apply in advance and fee
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waivers are granted only to students in “extreme financial need.” Registration can be done on the LSAC
website.
Your application to take the LSAT must be mailed at least 30 days prior to the date on which you
plan to take the test. Therefore, students planning to take the test in late September or early October---the
most popular option---will need to register before the fall quarter of their senior year actually begins.
You will find a schedule of test dates on the LSAC website. Registration materials for the June (and
subsequent) tests become available in March.
The LSAT takes one-half day to complete and is usually administered on a Saturday morning (the
June exam is administered on a Monday). The test yields a score which ranges from 120 to 180. The
median score is thus 150. The test includes sections consisting of multiple choice questions on “reading
comprehension,” “analytical reasoning,” and “logical reasoning.” In addition, students taking the test
provide a writing sample. The writing sample is not “scored,” but a copy is sent to the law schools to
which you apply.
It is possible to order past copies of actual tests from the LSAC website. Some booklets contain
not only actual exams but explanations of the questions. Information about the content of the LSAT may
also be obtained by purchasing one of the commercial test preparation books available in the DePaul
University bookstores on the Lincoln Park and Loop campuses and in other bookstores.
Grade Point Average (GPA)
You must send to the Credential Assembly Service a copy of the transcript of grades you received
from any undergraduate or graduate education institution you have attended (including any institution
you attended prior to transferring to DePaul). To request a transcript from DePaul, go to the Student
Records website at http://offices.depaul.edu/student-records/Pages/default.aspx
. You can request that
your transcript be sent to LSAC. When you make your request, include your LSAC identification number
(an “L” followed by eight digits) in the mailing address to which the transcript should be sent. Remember
that you must request a transcript from all institutions you have attended, even if you subsequently
transferred some or all of your credits to DePaul.
Your transcript is sent directly from DePaul to LSAC, which in turn supplies a summary of your
transcript (or transcripts) to the law schools to which you apply. In this summary, your GPA is computed
separately for each year, allowing a law school to detect an improvement (or deterioration) in your GPA
as well as to see your overall GPA. LSAC also sends to the law schools to which you are applying a raw
copy of the transcripts themselves.
Your GPA is the average of the grades you have received during college. Obviously, the higher
your GPA, the better your chances of admission to law school. However, a high GPA, in itself, will not
be sufficient. It must be based on achievement in serious and challenging courses. The most sensible
academic strategy for a pre-law student is to take a manageable number of challenging courses each
quarter and to do as well as possible in those courses.
Law schools do not have a preference for students who have majored in any particular subject.
They are interested in students with a solid liberal arts background. Thus, regardless of what subject you
major in, you should plan to take courses at the appropriate level in a wide variety of subjects--including
the social sciences, natural sciences, humanities, business, mathematics, and statistics.
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Work Experience and Extracurricular Activities
The most important criteria in law school admissions are your LSAT score and your
undergraduate GPA. However, law schools are also interested in evidence that a student is particularly
mature or responsible, has participated in various activities during college, or demonstrates exceptional
leadership ability. A student planning the use of his or her time during college would be wise to take
advantage of opportunities to participate in activities that contribute to personal growth and social
competence, e.g., student government or other campus organizations, the school newspaper or campus
journals, special research projects, internships and other work experiences, study abroad opportunities,
Model United Nations, Model EU, the Mock Trial Team, and other on-campus or off-campus activities.
Letters of Recommendation
Most law schools suggest that an applicant submit two or three letters of recommendation. You
should take advantage of opportunities to become acquainted with particular faculty members and be able
to identify at least two faculty members from whom to request a recommendation. Faculty members
occasionally go on leave for a year or part of a year, and you should determine whether a faculty member
from whom they wish to request a recommendation will be available to write such a letter at the
appropriate time. Letters of recommendation can be submitted online by your recommender to LSAC.
You can also download the letter of recommendation form from the LSAC website and hand deliver it to
your recommender. Remember to sign that portion of the form in which you waive your right of access to
see the letter.
Law schools do not appreciate and do not place much value on letters of recommendation from
relatives or friends of applicants, even if such relatives or friends are lawyers or judges or are otherwise
"important" people. The purpose of the recommendation is to assure the law school that the applicant is a
conscientious and mature student, and the most useful letters of recommendation will come from faculty
members who are familiar with a student's work and work habits.
The Personal Statement
Most law schools require that your application include a “personal statement.” This is an essay
about yourself, and it represents an opportunity to convey to the law schools to which you are applying
what it is that makes you special and why you would be an interesting and valuable addition to the law
school’s student body. Avoid spending much time explaining how or why you have “always wanted to
become a lawyer.” The best advice is to be honest, lively, and persuasive. Allow your personality and
your distinctive characteristics and values to come through in what you write. Also be sure to proofread
your statement for grammatical and spelling errors.
APPLYING TO LAW SCHOOL
The first step in the process is to visit the LSAC website (www.lsac.org
), download copies of the
relevant forms, and decide when you want to register to take the LSAT. You will use the website for four
main purposes: (1) to register with the CAS, (2) to register for the LSAT, (3) to request transcripts from
the undergraduate institutions you have attended (although in the case of students who have not attended
any institution other than DePaul, this can be done directly by requesting your transcripts via the Student
Records website), and (4) to request letters of recommendation from professors or others (a form can be
downloaded from the LSAC website and given to the person from whom you are requesting a letter of
recommendation; letters can also be submitted electronically to LSAC website).
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LSAC Publications
LSAC publishes or makes available on its website a variety of books, videos, and other items that
may be helpful to pre-law students and to students applying to law school. Perhaps the most useful is the
ABA-LSAC Official Guide to ABA-Approved Law Schools. LSAC also publishes several books
containing complete versions of previously administered LSATs, which may be ordered from LSAC
through its website.
The Law School Forum
Each year, usually in the summer or the fall, LSAC Law School Forums are held around the
country. The Forum offers a chance to meet with representatives from nearly all ABA-approved law
schools in one room over a one-day period. Workshops on financing a legal education, on minority
admissions, and on the law school admissions process are also presented at the Forum. The Forum is the
best single way to obtain applications from and chat with representatives of the law schools to which you
are thinking of applying. Admission to all LSAC Law School Forums is free.
For information about upcoming forums, visit the website at
http://www.lsac.org/jd/choosing-a-law-
school/law-school-recruitment-forums.
PREPARING FOR THE LSAT
The best preparation for the LSAT is the three years of college education completed prior to
taking the exam. At the same time, a student who plans to take the LSAT should be familiar with the
content and the format of the test. There are at least four ways to gain this familiarity. First, the LSAC
website contains a sample test. Second, LSAC publishes booklets containing previously administered
tests. Third, commercial test preparation books are available in most college bookstores. Finally, several
commercial test preparation centers operate in the Chicago area (see below for a list of websites).
There is conflicting evidence about whether taking a test preparation course can substantially
enhance your LSAT score. At the very least, any student planning to take the LSAT should become
familiar with the content and format of the various sections of the test by examining the sample exam
available on the LSAC website or examples of previously administered tests published by LSAC or other
publishers.
CHOOSING A LAW SCHOOL
The best guide to American law schools is the Official Guide to ABA-Approved Law Schools,
which is available online (for free) at the LSAC website. Among the statistics published in the guide is
the median LSAT score of students who have been admitted in recent years to each of the profiled law
schools. The guide also contains, for most of these schools, a "grid" which will assist the student in
judging his or her chances of admission. The grid indicates what percentage of applicants from the
previous year with a particular combination of LSAT score and GPA were admitted to the law school.
The grid will enable you to judge your chances of admission to a particular school once you know your
LSAT score and your GPA.
Since law schools require an application fee, it is necessary to choose a limited number to which
to apply. A common strategy is to apply to two or three schools to which the chances of admission are
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quite certain, two or three schools to which the chances are good, and two or three schools to which the
chances of admission may not be very high, but which the applicant would be delighted to attend, if
admitted.
Even if a student's chances of admission to a particular law school are good, they are never
perfect, and it is definitely wise to apply to at least two or three schools. A student who takes the LSAT
in June or October will know his or her score in time to make a judgment about the most appropriate law
schools to which to apply. You do not need to decide before you take the LSAT which law schools will
receive your scores. Your scores will only be sent to the law schools to which you actually decide to
apply after you have taken the test.
If you are admitted to several law schools, choosing the one you wish to attend may be a genuine
dilemma. On the one hand, attending a law school with a particularly strong reputation may enhance the
quality of your education and the diversity of your job opportunities. On the other hand, the better the
law school, the more competitive it will be, and the unavoidable fact is that class rank is extremely
important in getting job offers at the end of law school. Thus, it may not be wise to attend a law school
where your chances of doing well are unpromising. There is no single source of information about what a
particular law school is "really like"--not even the students who attend the law school may be able to
supply very helpful advice. For this reason, a student who is able to choose from among two or more law
schools should at that point speak to as many people as possible--and if possible pay a visit to the schools
themselves--in an effort to make a wise decision.
Students also need to carefully consider whether it makes sense to go to law school at all. In the
past three or four years, increasing attention is being paid to the fact that law school tuition is very high---
often $45,000-$50,000 per year---and that jobs in the legal profession, and especially high-paying jobs in
the legal profession, have become more scarce. Thus, it is entirely possible to graduate from law school
with over $100,000 of debt and be unable able to find a job in the field of law at all. The decision to
attend law school involves a substantial element of risk and students should be aware of the fact that a law
degree is very far from being a sure-fire ticket to financial security.
FINANCIAL AID, ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE, and MINORITY STUDENTS
While law school is expensive, there are sources of need-based and merit-based financial aid for
prospective law students. Broadly speaking, financial aid is available from three sources: (1) Individual
law schools offer grants and scholarship designed to attract students in whom they are particularly
interested. Information about such grants or scholarships is obtained from the law school itself. (2)
Grants and scholarships may be available from organizations such as local bar associations, veterans’
groups, business organizations, individual companies, and fraternities, sororities, and other social groups
and ethnic associations. Information about these sources of financial aid may be obtained by consulting
books available in college and other bookstores and by searching the World Wide Web. (3) Federal loans
are available through banks or financial institutions or through individual law schools. Information about
federal loans is available on the LSAC website or the federal government’s FAFSA website
(www.fafsa.ed.gov).
The Law School Admission Council and member law schools are committed to ensuring that
racial and ethnic minorities are fairly represented in U.S. law schools and in the legal profession. In
addition, the fee waiver program is designed to insure that no student is denied access to law school due
to financial hardship. Minority students and those who may require economic assistance in applying to or
attending law school should visit the LSAC website and seek advice from pre-law students who are active
in campus organizations and from advisors and counselors available throughout the University.
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Pre-Law Resources at DePaul
Various resources are available to pre-law students at DePaul. In particular, the following people
are available for advising:
$ Gil Gott, International Studies, gg[email protected], 773-325-4548
$ Tera Agyepong, History, tagyepon@depaul.edu
, 773-325-8510
$ Robert Kallen, Economics, k[email protected], 312-362-5587
$ Beth Kelly, Women’s & Gender Studies, bkelly@depaul.edu, 773-325-1979
$ Theresa Luhrs, Psychology, tluhrs@depaul.edu, 773-325-4256
$ Paula McQuade, English, [email protected], 773-325-1787
$ Joseph Mello, Political Science, [email protected]
, 773-325-7384
$ Christina Rivers, Political Science, crivers@depaul.edu, 773-325-4593
$ Ann Russo, Women’s & Gender Studies, arusso@depaul.edu, 773-325-1774
$ David Williams, Political Science, dwill105@depaul.edu, 773-325-4906
Several organizations offer students an opportunity to expand their interests and develop
their leadership abilities. In recent years, DePaul has sponsored teams in national Mock Trial
competitions. Information about the DePaul University Pre-Law Club can be found at
https://orgsync.com/60373/chapter. There are opportunities for participation in debate through
the Department of Communications. The Political Science Department offers a course regarding
Model United Nations. The Student Government Association and The DePaulia offer
challenging extracurricular activities. Students interested in finding out about these and other
student organizations may visit the Office of Student Involvement (at the Loop or Lincoln Park
Campus or browse their web site at
http://studentaffairs.depaul.edu/involvement/studentorgs.html.
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INFORMATION ON THE WEB
Law School Admission Council: www.lsac.org
Financial Aid:
Access Group: where one can fill out the Need Access Application that most schools require:
www.accessgroup.org/index.htm
FAFSA application online: www.fafsa.ed.gov
Federal Student Aid www.studentaid.ed.gov
FinAid! Guide to financial aid: www.finaid.org
Minority Students:
Chicago-Kent College of Law, Pre-Law Undergraduate Scholars Program:
www.kentlaw.iit.edu/academics/pre-law-undergraduate-scholars-program
Council on Legal Education Opportunity (CLEO): www.cleoscholars.com
Test Preparation:
Kaplan, Inc.: www.kaplan.com
Next Step Test Prep: www.nextsteptestprep.com
(NextStepTestPrep regularly offers an inexpensive on-campus test preparation class.)
The Princeton Review: www.PrincetonReview.com
TestMasters: www.testmasters.net
PowerScore Test Preparation: www.powerscore.com
Blueprint LSAT: www.blueprintlsat.com
Cautionary Information about getting a law degree:
Inside the Law School Scam: www.insidethelawschoolscam.blogspot.com
Brian Tamanaha, Failing Law Schools (University Chicago Press, 2012)
Stephen J. Harper, The Lawyer Bubble (Basic Books, 2013)
Revised January, 2016